1 00:00:02,062 --> 00:00:04,050 We cannot keep asking people to strike 2 00:00:04,054 --> 00:00:06,800 only to end up defenseless in front of the firing squad. 3 00:00:06,801 --> 00:00:09,650 I propose a campaign of sabotage. 4 00:00:11,437 --> 00:00:13,487 Nelson Mandela, you are under arrest! 5 00:00:13,606 --> 00:00:16,023 This, the first day of the committee's discussion 6 00:00:16,125 --> 00:00:18,910 on the policy of apartheid happens also to be 7 00:00:18,995 --> 00:00:21,529 the very last day of a trial in South Africa. 8 00:00:21,614 --> 00:00:23,247 The crime that the accused have been 9 00:00:23,333 --> 00:00:25,900 convicted of is high treason. 10 00:00:26,002 --> 00:00:27,034 You've come to this island 11 00:00:27,120 --> 00:00:29,837 to be forgotten and then to die. 12 00:00:29,956 --> 00:00:31,672 Debbie just had a baby daughter. 13 00:00:31,791 --> 00:00:34,375 My children have grown up and I have not been there. 14 00:00:34,460 --> 00:00:39,680 No, no, no, no! 15 00:00:39,782 --> 00:00:41,665 They've made me struggle. 16 00:00:41,768 --> 00:00:43,517 They can never hurt me again. 17 00:00:45,038 --> 00:00:46,604 - Hey, Ta! - Ta! 18 00:00:46,689 --> 00:00:47,855 - Ta! - Ta, ta! 19 00:00:47,974 --> 00:00:51,175 - Hey, Ta. - Ta! Ta, ta! 20 00:00:51,277 --> 00:00:52,193 - Winnie! - Ta, ta! 21 00:00:52,312 --> 00:00:53,527 - Come join us! - Ta, ta! 22 00:00:53,646 --> 00:00:55,146 - I'm off to work. - Ta! 23 00:00:55,231 --> 00:00:57,514 But I'm with you in spirit. 24 00:00:57,617 --> 00:00:59,200 Ta, ta! 25 00:01:10,196 --> 00:01:12,820 Prime Minister, the central thrust of the act is simple, 26 00:01:12,825 --> 00:01:15,199 in township schools all lessons 27 00:01:15,301 --> 00:01:19,370 and key subjects must be taught in Afrikaans. 28 00:01:19,472 --> 00:01:21,205 More and more blacks are adopting English 29 00:01:21,307 --> 00:01:23,540 at an alarming rate. 30 00:01:23,643 --> 00:01:25,393 If the native wishes to play a useful role 31 00:01:25,511 --> 00:01:27,711 in our culture he must be able to speak our language. 32 00:01:27,814 --> 00:01:30,264 Indeed. But there is resistance. 33 00:01:30,350 --> 00:01:32,049 Really? In what way? 34 00:01:32,151 --> 00:01:34,068 Teachers threatening to strike, 35 00:01:34,187 --> 00:01:36,354 pupils refusing to attend classes. 36 00:01:36,439 --> 00:01:38,406 Arrest those kids playing truant. 37 00:01:38,524 --> 00:01:40,441 That shouldn't strike fear into our hearts. 38 00:01:45,675 --> 00:01:48,509 If you think about it in this way, 39 00:01:48,594 --> 00:01:53,314 children learning to speak Afrikaans, is not a bad idea. 40 00:01:53,433 --> 00:01:55,466 You think knowledge is the answer to everything. 41 00:01:55,568 --> 00:01:59,970 Not knowledge... understanding. 42 00:02:00,073 --> 00:02:04,525 To understand one's opponent is a good thing. 43 00:02:04,610 --> 00:02:06,944 Nothing is a good thing when it is forced upon you 44 00:02:07,030 --> 00:02:08,446 against your will. 45 00:02:08,531 --> 00:02:11,866 Yes. Yes. This is also true. 46 00:02:23,930 --> 00:02:27,631 Nelson, Winnie will be okay. 47 00:02:28,768 --> 00:02:33,187 She's home now and... she is a very strong woman. 48 00:02:33,289 --> 00:02:36,807 But has been arrested, interrogated, tortured 49 00:02:36,909 --> 00:02:40,528 because I love her... because I married her 50 00:02:40,646 --> 00:02:42,346 and chose the path that led here, 51 00:02:42,448 --> 00:02:44,682 leaving her alone in the world with two young children. 52 00:02:48,738 --> 00:02:50,471 I abandoned her, Walter. 53 00:03:13,896 --> 00:03:15,846 Aim. Fire! 54 00:03:29,362 --> 00:03:30,945 Social work department. 55 00:03:31,030 --> 00:03:31,946 This is Mandela? 56 00:03:32,031 --> 00:03:33,197 Yes. This is Winnie Mandela. 57 00:03:33,282 --> 00:03:34,415 The protest in Soweto, 58 00:03:34,534 --> 00:03:36,167 it's out of control. It's horrible. 59 00:03:36,252 --> 00:03:37,735 The police, they gave no warning. 60 00:03:37,837 --> 00:03:39,703 They started firing, shooting at the kids. 61 00:03:39,789 --> 00:03:40,871 Please, you must come. 62 00:03:43,876 --> 00:03:45,742 Widespread rioting in Soweto 63 00:03:45,845 --> 00:03:48,012 following student protests this morning. 64 00:03:49,298 --> 00:03:50,264 Police are advising civilians 65 00:03:50,383 --> 00:03:52,016 to stay indoors or risk arrest. 66 00:03:52,101 --> 00:03:53,717 There are unconfirmed reports... 67 00:04:53,496 --> 00:04:54,695 ... The death of 13-year-old 68 00:04:54,780 --> 00:04:58,616 Hector Pieterson has sparked days of increasing violence. 69 00:04:58,701 --> 00:05:01,252 Many of the dead are schoolchildren whose protests 70 00:05:01,337 --> 00:05:03,704 at the imposition of Afrikaans as the language 71 00:05:03,806 --> 00:05:06,223 of their classroom began what is now being called 72 00:05:06,292 --> 00:05:08,542 the Soweto uprising. 73 00:05:08,628 --> 00:05:11,612 Over 120 rioters have been killed so far. 74 00:05:13,065 --> 00:05:16,267 What started as peaceful protest descended into chaos 75 00:05:16,369 --> 00:05:17,851 at running street battles between... 76 00:05:20,139 --> 00:05:22,973 They're kids, Oliver. Kids! 77 00:05:23,059 --> 00:05:24,475 And they're leading the charge. 78 00:05:26,412 --> 00:05:30,314 I miss home. But things are even worse now. 79 00:05:35,421 --> 00:05:36,570 Schoolkids. 80 00:05:36,656 --> 00:05:39,657 Teachers too. All across Soweto. 81 00:05:39,742 --> 00:05:41,575 They have arrested hundreds. 82 00:05:41,661 --> 00:05:44,411 The anger and defiance of this whole generation, 83 00:05:44,497 --> 00:05:48,382 it's like a volcano ready to erupt. 84 00:05:48,501 --> 00:05:50,334 And if it does... hmm. 85 00:05:50,419 --> 00:05:52,970 Struggle is entering a new phase. 86 00:05:53,055 --> 00:05:56,840 And the ANC must be prepared to embrace it. 87 00:06:00,179 --> 00:06:01,645 ... ground today and authorities 88 00:06:01,731 --> 00:06:02,879 - warn that the official... - Switch it off. 89 00:06:02,982 --> 00:06:04,348 ... death toll is likely... 90 00:06:05,568 --> 00:06:07,901 This is deeply disturbing. 91 00:06:08,020 --> 00:06:11,888 We control entire countries. We protect our borders 92 00:06:11,991 --> 00:06:14,391 from terrorists and revolutionaries. 93 00:06:14,493 --> 00:06:15,643 Yet we can't stop a bunch of kids 94 00:06:15,745 --> 00:06:18,562 from causing absolute chaos. 95 00:06:18,648 --> 00:06:20,664 They're complaining about the education, 96 00:06:20,750 --> 00:06:22,883 yet they burn the schools that we build for them. 97 00:06:22,985 --> 00:06:25,419 You can't apply logic to the blacks. 98 00:06:25,521 --> 00:06:26,820 They don't see the buildings as their own. 99 00:06:26,922 --> 00:06:29,006 They see them as instruments of apartheid. 100 00:06:29,108 --> 00:06:31,292 We will look like idiots if we can't control 101 00:06:31,394 --> 00:06:32,993 a bunch of schoolchildren. 102 00:06:33,095 --> 00:06:35,813 Not only in Soweto, right across South Africa. 103 00:06:35,915 --> 00:06:39,984 Our country is on fire, how do we stop this? 104 00:06:40,086 --> 00:06:41,802 Let them feel they've won. 105 00:06:41,904 --> 00:06:44,221 Tell them they don't have to learn Afrikaans. 106 00:06:44,307 --> 00:06:47,107 We've got bigger problems than their hatred of our language. 107 00:06:47,209 --> 00:06:48,892 We've become complacent. 108 00:06:48,995 --> 00:06:50,611 We put away their leaders on an island 109 00:06:50,730 --> 00:06:52,429 and we thought that would be the end of it. 110 00:06:52,531 --> 00:06:53,930 But they grew new leaders. 111 00:06:54,016 --> 00:06:57,067 That Steve Biko and his black consciousness ideology 112 00:06:57,153 --> 00:06:58,886 stirring up the youth. 113 00:06:58,988 --> 00:07:00,821 We must be vigilant. 114 00:07:00,923 --> 00:07:03,440 We must cut off those ringleaders. 115 00:07:03,542 --> 00:07:06,493 I want them destroyed... starting with Steve Biko. 116 00:07:13,419 --> 00:07:14,885 Thank you for coming today. 117 00:07:14,970 --> 00:07:17,054 You're a loyal supporter for our cause. 118 00:07:17,139 --> 00:07:18,505 See you inside. 119 00:07:19,975 --> 00:07:24,294 Hello [unintelligible]. I want to introduce you to Steve Biko. 120 00:07:24,397 --> 00:07:25,746 A man of the future. 121 00:07:25,848 --> 00:07:29,483 Mr. Biko, I have heard of you. 122 00:07:30,820 --> 00:07:35,272 So tell me, what are your plans for the future? 123 00:07:35,358 --> 00:07:37,908 Stay and see for yourself. 124 00:07:42,081 --> 00:07:45,299 Black consciousness means pride in black culture, 125 00:07:45,401 --> 00:07:47,835 in being a black person. 126 00:07:47,953 --> 00:07:51,004 Black consciousness does not need the approval, 127 00:07:51,123 --> 00:07:55,042 the cooperation, the support of white liberals. 128 00:07:55,127 --> 00:07:58,045 - Yes! - Black consciousness needs only 129 00:07:58,130 --> 00:08:02,666 the belief in itself and in its absolute right 130 00:08:02,768 --> 00:08:05,803 to stand up and fight the oppression. 131 00:08:08,140 --> 00:08:10,774 Black consciousness leads to black power. 132 00:08:14,563 --> 00:08:17,564 At the back we have Winnie Mandela. 133 00:08:19,952 --> 00:08:22,453 Winnie, please come. Speak to us. 134 00:08:25,291 --> 00:08:29,626 Winnie! Winnie! Winnie! Winnie! 135 00:08:29,712 --> 00:08:35,582 Winnie! Winnie! Winnie! Winnie! Winnie! Winnie! 136 00:08:35,668 --> 00:08:38,702 Winnie! Winnie! 137 00:08:43,893 --> 00:08:45,759 Winnie! Winnie! 138 00:08:49,398 --> 00:08:51,899 Steve Biko is right. 139 00:08:52,017 --> 00:08:54,301 Black consciousness is the route to freedom. 140 00:08:54,403 --> 00:08:56,570 Yes. 141 00:08:59,859 --> 00:09:03,160 And our freedom is something we must claim ourselves. 142 00:09:03,245 --> 00:09:04,561 Yes. 143 00:09:04,663 --> 00:09:07,331 We must break the chains of oppression ourselves. 144 00:09:07,416 --> 00:09:09,616 - Yes. - Move over Foster! 145 00:09:09,702 --> 00:09:11,835 Yeah! 146 00:09:11,921 --> 00:09:13,003 Exactly. 147 00:09:13,088 --> 00:09:16,907 It is not you who will break us. 148 00:09:17,009 --> 00:09:20,511 It is ourselves alone who will break you. 149 00:09:34,727 --> 00:09:36,059 Winnie! Winnie! 150 00:09:37,480 --> 00:09:39,596 Biko. 151 00:09:39,698 --> 00:09:42,032 Biko! Biko! Biko! Where is Biko? 152 00:09:44,403 --> 00:09:45,736 The police! 153 00:09:55,720 --> 00:09:59,772 - Come on. - Argh! 154 00:10:07,916 --> 00:10:10,116 We've been waiting for you, Mr. Biko, 155 00:10:10,202 --> 00:10:12,669 you are gonna wish so much that you're with your friends 156 00:10:12,787 --> 00:10:14,337 on Robin Island. 157 00:10:17,576 --> 00:10:19,325 Turn your face back to me? 158 00:10:19,427 --> 00:10:20,710 Cheeky bastard. 159 00:10:49,741 --> 00:10:50,957 What do you want? 160 00:10:51,042 --> 00:10:52,075 Pack your things. 161 00:10:52,160 --> 00:10:54,711 You're being banished... to Brandfort. 162 00:10:56,798 --> 00:10:58,798 Brandfort? That is the middle of nowhere! 163 00:10:58,883 --> 00:11:00,667 Don't touch my stuff! 164 00:11:00,752 --> 00:11:02,802 Always going on about having your freedom. 165 00:11:02,887 --> 00:11:04,420 Now you've got it. 166 00:11:45,680 --> 00:11:47,380 Hey, hey... look at me. 167 00:11:48,550 --> 00:11:51,884 Look at me. They told us to keep you alive. 168 00:12:36,481 --> 00:12:37,597 What's going on? 169 00:12:39,317 --> 00:12:40,817 I don't know. 170 00:12:40,935 --> 00:12:44,070 Biko! Biko! Biko! 171 00:12:44,155 --> 00:12:46,906 Biko! Biko! Biko! Biko! Biko! 172 00:12:50,578 --> 00:12:52,528 Quiet! 173 00:12:52,614 --> 00:12:55,448 Biko! Biko! Biko! 174 00:13:05,543 --> 00:13:08,544 Thirteen Western nations attended Biko's funeral. 175 00:13:08,630 --> 00:13:10,513 Over 15,000 people were there. 176 00:13:10,632 --> 00:13:12,398 This international interference with the affairs 177 00:13:12,500 --> 00:13:14,100 of our state is dangerous. 178 00:13:14,202 --> 00:13:16,069 The President of the United States has publicly 179 00:13:16,171 --> 00:13:18,971 stated that America is going to re-examine 180 00:13:19,074 --> 00:13:20,440 its relationship with us. 181 00:13:20,542 --> 00:13:22,842 What the hell does that even mean? 182 00:13:22,944 --> 00:13:24,727 As if I haven't got enough on my plate already 183 00:13:24,813 --> 00:13:25,945 with this trumped up investigation 184 00:13:26,030 --> 00:13:27,947 of my personal finances. 185 00:13:28,032 --> 00:13:29,449 And now there's Biko. 186 00:13:29,534 --> 00:13:31,684 He fell and struck his head... is that the best 187 00:13:31,786 --> 00:13:32,952 we could come up with? 188 00:13:33,054 --> 00:13:35,204 He fell and struck his head. 189 00:13:35,306 --> 00:13:37,022 I couldn't care if he's dead but who the hell 190 00:13:37,125 --> 00:13:39,041 was stupid enough to smash him up like that. 191 00:13:39,144 --> 00:13:42,912 What we have to do now is contain these agitators. 192 00:13:43,014 --> 00:13:46,599 Unless we control this madness we will end up being 193 00:13:46,668 --> 00:13:50,052 an oppressed minority in our own country again. 194 00:13:50,171 --> 00:13:52,305 We need to show the rest of the world we have things 195 00:13:52,390 --> 00:13:55,675 under control and we are going in the right direction. 196 00:13:59,681 --> 00:14:03,049 Police have denied any role in Biko's death. 197 00:14:03,151 --> 00:14:06,769 But published photographs of his badly beaten body 198 00:14:06,855 --> 00:14:09,939 - suggest he... - I can't shake it. 199 00:14:10,024 --> 00:14:11,274 What? 200 00:14:11,359 --> 00:14:13,326 This feeling. 201 00:14:13,428 --> 00:14:15,561 Here I am in Mozambique, hundreds of miles away, 202 00:14:15,663 --> 00:14:17,062 yet I never feel safe. 203 00:14:17,165 --> 00:14:18,564 Never feel they won't hunt me down... 204 00:14:18,666 --> 00:14:19,782 or you, for that matter. 205 00:14:19,868 --> 00:14:22,285 Shh, shh, shh. You mustn't. 206 00:14:22,370 --> 00:14:24,036 It is not enough to stop me writing 207 00:14:24,122 --> 00:14:25,505 or teaching or speaking out. 208 00:14:25,590 --> 00:14:29,175 It's an awful choice. It's a God awful price. 209 00:14:29,260 --> 00:14:30,293 But you can't dwell on it. 210 00:14:30,378 --> 00:14:31,744 You couldn't get through the day. 211 00:14:31,846 --> 00:14:33,095 I don't dwell about me. 212 00:14:33,214 --> 00:14:36,682 But, you... I never know where you are from day to day. 213 00:14:36,768 --> 00:14:39,251 Today you're here, yesterday you were in London, 214 00:14:39,354 --> 00:14:42,104 tomorrow [unintelligible]. 215 00:14:44,559 --> 00:14:47,109 Not so fast. 216 00:14:48,279 --> 00:14:50,363 Why couldn't we just be born content with... 217 00:14:50,448 --> 00:14:52,264 Are you expecting anyone? 218 00:14:52,367 --> 00:14:55,234 It's just Chris. I'd told him you'd arrived. 219 00:15:00,875 --> 00:15:02,625 Chris, you look striking. 220 00:15:02,744 --> 00:15:03,826 Ruth. 221 00:15:05,380 --> 00:15:08,247 How are you? I rushed right over. 222 00:15:08,333 --> 00:15:10,950 Comrade, you arrived safely. 223 00:15:14,722 --> 00:15:17,640 Yeah. Oh, sorry. I forgot to salute you, 224 00:15:17,759 --> 00:15:19,425 Commander Chris Hani. 225 00:15:19,511 --> 00:15:24,630 Thanks. Thanks. But, homage must be paid 226 00:15:24,732 --> 00:15:26,482 to the leader we've just lost. 227 00:15:30,405 --> 00:15:33,155 An inquest has been set up to investigate his murder. 228 00:15:33,274 --> 00:15:36,108 Which they'll absolutely clear the police of any wrongdoing. 229 00:15:37,779 --> 00:15:40,079 Before he was killed, Biko reached out to Oliver 230 00:15:40,164 --> 00:15:41,831 to set up a meeting in Botswana. 231 00:15:41,950 --> 00:15:44,834 Ah. He's finally come to understand 232 00:15:44,953 --> 00:15:46,786 that our guerilla fighters make the ANC 233 00:15:46,871 --> 00:15:48,037 a force to be reckoned with. 234 00:15:48,122 --> 00:15:49,839 Such a loss. 235 00:15:49,941 --> 00:15:52,241 No one's held such sway since Nelson. 236 00:15:52,343 --> 00:15:54,427 Has there been any word from him? 237 00:15:54,512 --> 00:15:56,629 Not recently. But Oliver's called a meeting 238 00:15:56,714 --> 00:15:58,998 for the leadership in Ghana. 239 00:15:59,100 --> 00:16:00,516 We must travel together. 240 00:16:04,639 --> 00:16:05,972 The apartheid government 241 00:16:06,057 --> 00:16:07,440 Is under pressure to answer 242 00:16:07,525 --> 00:16:10,142 the activist's mysterious demise. 243 00:16:15,400 --> 00:16:17,867 You know, Ruth, your mailbox is so full, 244 00:16:17,986 --> 00:16:19,018 people are going to start thinking 245 00:16:19,120 --> 00:16:20,736 you're the secretary of the ANC 246 00:16:20,822 --> 00:16:22,572 and the Director of the University. 247 00:16:22,657 --> 00:16:24,540 Well if you want mail from people, Aquino, 248 00:16:24,659 --> 00:16:26,659 you have to be a better correspondent. 249 00:16:45,930 --> 00:16:48,097 These letter bombs... 250 00:16:48,199 --> 00:16:52,451 they are cowards. So many. 251 00:16:52,553 --> 00:16:57,857 How many more lives, Madiba, before our liberation? 252 00:16:57,959 --> 00:17:00,359 Hmm? 253 00:17:01,529 --> 00:17:05,581 Sometimes it is, uh... hard to be, 254 00:17:05,700 --> 00:17:09,752 as you say... optimistic. 255 00:17:15,877 --> 00:17:19,378 No matter how wrong our calculations have been 256 00:17:19,464 --> 00:17:23,916 in the past, no matter what difficulties 257 00:17:24,018 --> 00:17:26,836 we face in the future, 258 00:17:26,938 --> 00:17:32,024 our freedom will be brought about 259 00:17:32,110 --> 00:17:36,145 by the strength of our organization 260 00:17:36,264 --> 00:17:40,282 and by the sheer determination of our people. 261 00:17:54,481 --> 00:17:55,947 Mrs. Mandela, you were forced 262 00:17:55,948 --> 00:17:57,148 from your home in Soweto, 263 00:17:57,164 --> 00:17:59,584 and now this interim place where you were held in isolation 264 00:17:59,670 --> 00:18:00,402 has been burnt. 265 00:18:00,504 --> 00:18:02,087 Who do you think did this? 266 00:18:02,172 --> 00:18:03,922 It is the South African government, 267 00:18:04,007 --> 00:18:05,757 through their security branch. 268 00:18:05,843 --> 00:18:07,175 Do you think it's possible they're responsible 269 00:18:07,294 --> 00:18:08,710 for the death of Ruth First? 270 00:18:08,796 --> 00:18:11,129 Anything is possible with a morally corrupt government 271 00:18:11,215 --> 00:18:13,331 that does not value a human life. 272 00:18:13,434 --> 00:18:16,802 And are you going to keep on struggling? 273 00:18:16,887 --> 00:18:18,487 The struggle goes on. 274 00:18:18,589 --> 00:18:20,722 There's never been a doubt about that. 275 00:18:20,824 --> 00:18:24,659 And when the struggle is over, who's going to lead the people? 276 00:18:24,962 --> 00:18:28,313 Mandela. Mandela. 277 00:18:31,034 --> 00:18:33,118 I wonder which Mandela she means? 278 00:18:33,203 --> 00:18:34,185 Well, she doesn't say Nelson Mandela. 279 00:18:34,288 --> 00:18:36,321 Just Mandela. 280 00:18:36,407 --> 00:18:38,039 Something has got to be done to stop her. 281 00:18:38,158 --> 00:18:40,358 The people love her, Joe. 282 00:18:40,461 --> 00:18:41,460 She has been dear friends with my wife 283 00:18:41,545 --> 00:18:42,694 since they were young girls. 284 00:18:42,796 --> 00:18:44,880 She says and does whatever she wants, Oliver. 285 00:18:44,998 --> 00:18:46,832 She's uncontrollable. 286 00:18:48,085 --> 00:18:49,134 Ruth would have kicked you for talking 287 00:18:49,219 --> 00:18:50,752 about a woman like that. 288 00:18:56,310 --> 00:18:57,809 What I wouldn't give to have a good old argument 289 00:18:57,895 --> 00:18:59,895 with Ruth about that. 290 00:19:05,853 --> 00:19:07,853 I'm sorry, Joe. 291 00:19:09,156 --> 00:19:10,572 I'd just been with her. 292 00:19:13,494 --> 00:19:18,363 If only I'd... I'd told her... so much. 293 00:19:20,083 --> 00:19:24,369 How were you supposed to know? None of us could have known. 294 00:19:28,325 --> 00:19:29,858 Well at least it was quick. 295 00:19:34,298 --> 00:19:36,047 At the very least, we need to set up 296 00:19:36,133 --> 00:19:38,750 a crisis committee to deal with Winnie. 297 00:19:38,852 --> 00:19:42,220 How to handle her without burning Nelson. 298 00:19:45,025 --> 00:19:46,658 Yes. Of course. 299 00:20:01,542 --> 00:20:02,824 I've been told that upon my release, 300 00:20:02,910 --> 00:20:05,276 for six months I'll be living under house arrest in Durban. 301 00:20:05,379 --> 00:20:08,279 Durban? That's close to where Winnie is. 302 00:20:08,382 --> 00:20:09,831 Any message to her? 303 00:20:09,917 --> 00:20:11,282 Oh, she knows it. 304 00:20:11,385 --> 00:20:15,720 But tell her anyway that I think of her constantly. 305 00:20:15,806 --> 00:20:18,006 And eat some good food for me, yeah? 306 00:20:18,091 --> 00:20:19,424 After 12 years 307 00:20:19,510 --> 00:20:20,792 of being here with your chaps, 308 00:20:20,894 --> 00:20:22,644 even a cup of cold tea and a stale biscuit 309 00:20:22,763 --> 00:20:25,514 will taste like food for a king. 310 00:20:25,599 --> 00:20:27,682 You'll be drinking English tea with Oliver in London 311 00:20:27,768 --> 00:20:30,652 as soon as the ANC can arrange it. 312 00:20:30,771 --> 00:20:33,271 I'll slip out of the country as soon as possible. 313 00:20:33,357 --> 00:20:35,440 Take all of your messages with me. 314 00:20:35,526 --> 00:20:38,276 Yes. The priority now is international pressure. 315 00:20:38,362 --> 00:20:40,529 Economic sanctions. Make sure that Oliver knows 316 00:20:40,614 --> 00:20:42,364 that we are in total accord. 317 00:20:44,785 --> 00:20:47,035 Last week a gala raises funds for arms. 318 00:20:47,120 --> 00:20:48,653 Now a royal summit. 319 00:20:48,755 --> 00:20:49,654 You know, Oliver, I think you look better 320 00:20:49,756 --> 00:20:52,257 in army fatigues. All in a day's work. 321 00:20:52,342 --> 00:20:56,511 - Chef Buthelezi. - Oliver. Joe. You look well. 322 00:20:56,630 --> 00:20:59,798 You too. Your contingent is as big as an army. 323 00:20:59,883 --> 00:21:02,267 But only the ANC can afford a military wing. 324 00:21:02,352 --> 00:21:04,135 We sleep on mats in the rain. 325 00:21:04,221 --> 00:21:05,837 Nothing quite as princely as this. 326 00:21:05,939 --> 00:21:07,389 Please... sit. 327 00:21:10,644 --> 00:21:13,228 My agreement with the South African government 328 00:21:13,313 --> 00:21:16,448 has no underlying economic advantage. 329 00:21:16,533 --> 00:21:18,683 Leading a self-governing Zulu state 330 00:21:18,785 --> 00:21:21,903 is in the best interest of my people. 331 00:21:22,022 --> 00:21:24,489 And to some self-serving. 332 00:21:24,575 --> 00:21:29,210 Establishing separate nations inside of a bigger nation 333 00:21:29,329 --> 00:21:31,613 has never been a goal of the ANC. 334 00:21:31,715 --> 00:21:35,550 But our mutual goal, abolishing apartheid. 335 00:21:35,669 --> 00:21:38,386 Now, that has always been the same. 336 00:21:38,488 --> 00:21:40,855 At home, Inkatha is strong. 337 00:21:40,974 --> 00:21:44,509 Now we can continue to lead the movement internally 338 00:21:44,595 --> 00:21:48,930 and the ANC can fight the movement externally... 339 00:21:49,049 --> 00:21:50,148 internationally. 340 00:21:50,233 --> 00:21:52,150 We will fight from wherever we are 341 00:21:52,235 --> 00:21:54,102 with whatever we've got. 342 00:21:54,187 --> 00:21:55,604 Now you have asked for our blessing 343 00:21:55,689 --> 00:21:59,274 for greater recognition in the international community, 344 00:21:59,359 --> 00:22:02,611 that is impossible if we are at odds. 345 00:22:02,696 --> 00:22:06,615 Henceforth, the unity of the ANC and Inkatha 346 00:22:06,717 --> 00:22:08,450 shall never be questioned. 347 00:22:08,535 --> 00:22:10,669 I will continue to call for the release 348 00:22:10,754 --> 00:22:13,755 of all political prisoners and the unbanning 349 00:22:13,874 --> 00:22:16,240 of political organizations in exile. 350 00:22:16,343 --> 00:22:19,177 To the world our allegiance and priorities 351 00:22:19,279 --> 00:22:22,097 must remain unambiguously aligned. 352 00:22:22,215 --> 00:22:25,884 The ANC and Inkatha will move forward and oppose apartheid 353 00:22:25,969 --> 00:22:30,972 as a unified front. I give you my word. 354 00:22:37,614 --> 00:22:40,315 Photos please. Yeah, that's nice. 355 00:22:40,400 --> 00:22:41,733 Shake hands. Thank you. 356 00:22:41,818 --> 00:22:44,285 Good move. Unifying with us will ensure 357 00:22:44,404 --> 00:22:46,287 the prosperity of the Zulu nation. 358 00:22:46,406 --> 00:22:48,823 And self-rule, more importantly. 359 00:22:48,909 --> 00:22:50,241 For the greater good of all of South Africa. 360 00:22:50,327 --> 00:22:53,545 - Mr. Vorster. Mr. Buthelezi. - Camera please. 361 00:22:53,630 --> 00:22:55,578 That's nice. Thank you. 362 00:22:56,516 --> 00:22:57,481 - Unbelievable. - Hmm. 363 00:22:57,600 --> 00:22:58,899 He agreed to align himself with the ANC 364 00:22:58,985 --> 00:23:01,468 and now he's opposing international sanctions. 365 00:23:01,571 --> 00:23:02,987 The government is aware that Buthelezi 366 00:23:03,106 --> 00:23:05,022 gives them credibility. 367 00:23:05,108 --> 00:23:06,907 They're using him. 368 00:23:06,993 --> 00:23:09,744 Reinforcing a perception that Inkatha is the only 369 00:23:09,829 --> 00:23:11,329 dominant black party of South Africa. 370 00:23:11,447 --> 00:23:13,814 In the interest of both sides, Inkatha and the Homeland 371 00:23:13,916 --> 00:23:15,950 survive on government subsidies. 372 00:23:16,035 --> 00:23:18,485 The powerful Zulu chieftain and the leader 373 00:23:18,588 --> 00:23:20,988 of the influential Inkatha Freedom Party said, 374 00:23:21,090 --> 00:23:24,208 "I urge my friends in South Africa to renounce violence. 375 00:23:24,293 --> 00:23:27,011 I urge my friends in the rest of the world not to impose 376 00:23:27,113 --> 00:23:28,896 economic sanctions on South Africa." 377 00:23:28,965 --> 00:23:30,781 The message sent on Robin Island is that 378 00:23:30,883 --> 00:23:32,499 international pressure is more important 379 00:23:32,602 --> 00:23:34,101 than the armed struggle. 380 00:23:34,187 --> 00:23:37,938 Only pressure from the outside can bring this to a head. 381 00:23:38,024 --> 00:23:41,409 We need to shift the world's perception that the ANC 382 00:23:41,511 --> 00:23:43,711 leads black South Africa. 383 00:23:43,813 --> 00:23:46,814 ANC must be the voice the world listens to. 384 00:23:46,899 --> 00:23:48,532 The government offered Nelson his freedom 385 00:23:48,651 --> 00:23:50,067 if he agreed to live in one of the homelands, 386 00:23:50,153 --> 00:23:53,571 like Buthelezi, and stay out of politics. 387 00:23:53,656 --> 00:23:55,322 Nelson refused. 388 00:23:56,826 --> 00:23:58,993 It's a great story if you think about it. 389 00:23:59,078 --> 00:24:04,215 Only a true leader would sacrifice his own freedom for his people. 390 00:24:04,333 --> 00:24:07,701 I've been thinking about this for quite some time. 391 00:24:07,804 --> 00:24:10,537 Now, more than ever, the world needs a symbol 392 00:24:10,640 --> 00:24:13,591 to rally around for our cause. 393 00:24:13,676 --> 00:24:17,044 Freeing Nelson Mandela could be that symbol 394 00:24:17,146 --> 00:24:18,846 for the freedom of all South Africa. 395 00:24:18,931 --> 00:24:21,649 It's brilliant. We could do something like: 396 00:24:21,734 --> 00:24:24,018 "Release Nelson Mandela now". 397 00:24:26,155 --> 00:24:28,739 Free Nelson Mandela. 398 00:24:30,827 --> 00:24:33,444 ? Free Nelson Mandela ? 399 00:24:33,529 --> 00:24:38,749 ? Free Nelson Mandela ? 400 00:24:39,869 --> 00:24:40,901 ? I'm begging you ? 401 00:24:41,003 --> 00:24:45,923 ? Free Nelson Mandela ? 402 00:24:48,544 --> 00:24:53,214 ? Free Nelson Mandela ? 403 00:24:56,018 --> 00:25:01,605 ? Free Nelson Mandela ? 404 00:25:01,724 --> 00:25:03,757 ? Oh, I'm begging you ? 405 00:25:03,860 --> 00:25:08,279 ? Free Nelson Mandela ? 406 00:25:13,119 --> 00:25:15,602 Prime Minister John Vorster has resigned. 407 00:25:15,705 --> 00:25:17,171 Thank you, Warden Brand. 408 00:25:22,712 --> 00:25:26,263 "The PM resigns after 12 years in the top job, 409 00:25:26,382 --> 00:25:28,782 alleged misuse of public funds. 410 00:25:28,885 --> 00:25:32,086 Security Minister, Van Den Burgh, also implicated." 411 00:25:33,222 --> 00:25:34,621 Who is next in line? 412 00:25:34,724 --> 00:25:39,643 The Minister of Defense, Pieter Willem Botha. 413 00:25:39,762 --> 00:25:42,680 The economic situation is not improving, Kobie. 414 00:25:42,765 --> 00:25:44,899 I've just been told that a major international bank 415 00:25:44,984 --> 00:25:46,884 is threatening to withdraw support 416 00:25:46,986 --> 00:25:49,403 unless we engage with black leadership. 417 00:25:49,505 --> 00:25:51,672 They want us to negotiate with them. 418 00:25:51,774 --> 00:25:54,008 Pray to God it doesn't come to that. 419 00:25:54,110 --> 00:25:58,846 Prime Minister, to that end I've given this serious thought. 420 00:25:58,948 --> 00:26:01,866 We've played our hand with Buthelezi long enough. 421 00:26:01,968 --> 00:26:05,436 We have no other choice but to be... pragmatic. 422 00:26:08,541 --> 00:26:10,040 Nelson Mandela? 423 00:26:10,142 --> 00:26:12,393 Yes, this from a top psychologist. 424 00:26:15,882 --> 00:26:18,199 "Mandela is exceptionally motivated. 425 00:26:18,301 --> 00:26:21,001 He has an extraordinarily powerful memory 426 00:26:21,103 --> 00:26:24,805 and maintains outstanding personal relations. 427 00:26:24,891 --> 00:26:27,024 He's always friendly and respectful 428 00:26:27,143 --> 00:26:28,976 towards authority figures." 429 00:26:29,061 --> 00:26:31,345 This is a leader of a banned organization 430 00:26:31,447 --> 00:26:34,598 that has committed acts of violence against us, 431 00:26:34,700 --> 00:26:36,850 waged an armed struggle. 432 00:26:36,936 --> 00:26:40,371 Eighteen years in prison can change a man and perhaps now 433 00:26:40,473 --> 00:26:44,141 the idea of power sharing might appeal to him. 434 00:26:44,243 --> 00:26:46,744 He is the symbol of a movement that none of us 435 00:26:46,846 --> 00:26:47,962 could have foreseen. 436 00:26:48,047 --> 00:26:50,130 Every day we delay dealing with him, 437 00:26:50,233 --> 00:26:53,884 the pressure against our system mounts. 438 00:26:54,003 --> 00:26:57,721 Perhaps we could transfer him off Robin Island to say, 439 00:26:57,840 --> 00:27:01,292 Pollsmoor prison? Conduct meetings with him 440 00:27:01,394 --> 00:27:03,861 in utmost secrecy. 441 00:27:37,513 --> 00:27:40,097 Come. Come. 442 00:28:09,378 --> 00:28:12,246 Best of all, you get your own toilet. 443 00:28:27,146 --> 00:28:29,013 Good morning, Nelson. How are you today? 444 00:28:29,098 --> 00:28:31,482 I am fine, Warden Brandt. I didn't realize 445 00:28:31,600 --> 00:28:35,185 having extra space would, uh, take so much getting used to. 446 00:28:35,287 --> 00:28:36,687 Well, don't get too comfortable. 447 00:28:36,789 --> 00:28:38,022 Orders have just come in to transport you 448 00:28:38,124 --> 00:28:40,107 to an important meeting today. 449 00:28:56,808 --> 00:28:59,780 _ 450 00:28:59,809 --> 00:29:04,795 Mr. Mandela. Welcome Mr. Mandela. 451 00:29:04,898 --> 00:29:06,797 - Welcome to my home. - Thank you. 452 00:29:06,900 --> 00:29:08,566 And forgive me while I catch my breath. 453 00:29:08,651 --> 00:29:09,684 Ah. 454 00:29:09,769 --> 00:29:11,569 This is the first vista I have seen 455 00:29:11,654 --> 00:29:14,355 without a hint of steel or barbed wire in... 456 00:29:14,457 --> 00:29:16,240 quite some time. 457 00:29:16,326 --> 00:29:17,425 Take as long as you want. 458 00:29:17,527 --> 00:29:19,594 I... I want you to be comfortable here. 459 00:29:19,696 --> 00:29:22,463 I trust your conditions at Pollsmoor are more acceptable. 460 00:29:22,565 --> 00:29:25,700 I would scarcely call any conditions short of freedom 461 00:29:25,785 --> 00:29:27,835 acceptable, Mr. Banner. 462 00:29:27,954 --> 00:29:30,838 Well, that's what we're here to talk about... 463 00:29:30,957 --> 00:29:32,540 and please call me Kobie. 464 00:29:32,625 --> 00:29:36,711 I've studied your name... Nelson Rolichlala... 465 00:29:36,796 --> 00:29:38,429 Rolihlahla Dalibhunga. 466 00:29:38,515 --> 00:29:41,265 Dalibhunga. The convener of dialogue. 467 00:29:41,351 --> 00:29:43,101 Yes. It is the name that was given to me 468 00:29:43,186 --> 00:29:45,436 at my initiation into manhood. 469 00:29:45,522 --> 00:29:48,106 Although it is you who started this conversation. 470 00:29:48,191 --> 00:29:50,141 Well, for starters, may I please call you Nelson? 471 00:29:50,226 --> 00:29:51,776 Yes, if it makes you comfortable. 472 00:29:51,861 --> 00:29:55,613 Dankie. I felt it necessary for us to sit down together 473 00:29:55,698 --> 00:29:59,233 and start negotiating about the path forward. 474 00:29:59,319 --> 00:30:03,287 Well, it is very difficult for us to begin negotiating 475 00:30:03,373 --> 00:30:06,491 if our organization is still behind bars. 476 00:30:06,576 --> 00:30:08,709 What shall we call what we are doing right now? 477 00:30:08,828 --> 00:30:10,795 We are merely talking. 478 00:30:10,880 --> 00:30:13,881 And it is my own personal view that we begin a discussion. 479 00:30:14,000 --> 00:30:16,000 But you must understand that I am not 480 00:30:16,086 --> 00:30:17,718 the President of the ANC. 481 00:30:17,837 --> 00:30:20,054 Our leader is Oliver Tambo. 482 00:30:28,198 --> 00:30:29,764 If the blacks kill each other, 483 00:30:29,883 --> 00:30:31,349 they will forget all about fighting us. 484 00:30:31,434 --> 00:30:33,134 General, are you suggesting 485 00:30:33,236 --> 00:30:36,337 we provide military training for Inkatha? 486 00:30:36,439 --> 00:30:39,023 Merely to defend themselves. 487 00:30:39,125 --> 00:30:42,110 Let Inkatha Zulus return to their warring nature. 488 00:30:44,030 --> 00:30:45,613 If the blacks turn on each other, 489 00:30:45,698 --> 00:30:48,483 moving forward towards a unified democracy 490 00:30:48,585 --> 00:30:50,118 would be a moot point. 491 00:30:51,371 --> 00:30:54,755 I will make sure there is no connection back to our military. 492 00:30:54,874 --> 00:30:59,460 The enemy of my enemy is my friend. 493 00:31:24,988 --> 00:31:26,320 Take that thing off. 494 00:32:07,947 --> 00:32:11,782 We are not going to fight this Government with AKA 47s. 495 00:32:11,868 --> 00:32:12,950 No! 496 00:32:13,036 --> 00:32:15,169 - Because we haven't got any. - Yes. 497 00:32:15,288 --> 00:32:17,255 - We have stones. - Yes! 498 00:32:17,340 --> 00:32:20,875 - We have boxes of matches. - Yes! 499 00:32:20,960 --> 00:32:23,377 - We have got these hands. - Yes! 500 00:32:23,463 --> 00:32:25,296 - Our power. - Yes! 501 00:32:25,381 --> 00:32:27,331 - The people's power! - Yes! 502 00:32:27,433 --> 00:32:30,501 - We shall dismantle apartheid. - Yes! 503 00:32:30,603 --> 00:32:33,638 - To hell with Botha regime! - Yes! 504 00:32:33,723 --> 00:32:36,340 - Power to the people! - Power. 505 00:32:36,442 --> 00:32:38,842 - Power to the people! - Power! 506 00:32:58,047 --> 00:33:00,081 Yes, collaborator. Police. 507 00:33:00,166 --> 00:33:05,553 - Traitor! - No, no, no, no. Please! 508 00:33:51,968 --> 00:33:54,151 Committee cannot control her. 509 00:33:54,220 --> 00:33:56,253 She will not listen to anyone. 510 00:33:56,356 --> 00:33:59,106 And now they say she's holding hostages in her home. 511 00:33:59,225 --> 00:34:02,276 She continues to speak out about whatever she likes, in public. 512 00:34:02,395 --> 00:34:04,195 We have tried to protect Nelson from this 513 00:34:04,280 --> 00:34:06,697 so that he can concentrate on other matters. 514 00:34:06,783 --> 00:34:08,199 But we have no choice. 515 00:34:08,301 --> 00:34:10,901 He must be the one to deal with this crisis. 516 00:34:10,987 --> 00:34:13,654 We must tell him everything we know. 517 00:34:13,740 --> 00:34:16,657 We received word. Nelson already knows. 518 00:34:19,662 --> 00:34:21,629 The extent of the accusations? 519 00:34:21,748 --> 00:34:23,748 We're hearing rumors that Nelson's negotiating 520 00:34:23,833 --> 00:34:26,884 with the government, which is, on one hand, a good thing. 521 00:34:26,969 --> 00:34:28,619 On the other hand, it's going to raise questions, 522 00:34:28,721 --> 00:34:31,922 with some people, about bargains he may be making. 523 00:34:32,008 --> 00:34:34,975 Stop. No more. I will not listen 524 00:34:35,094 --> 00:34:37,428 to any more talk about Nelson selling out. 525 00:34:37,513 --> 00:34:40,231 There's no talk of that coming from me. 526 00:34:40,316 --> 00:34:43,300 I'm certain that Nelson is unwavering. 527 00:34:43,403 --> 00:34:45,353 He will always uphold the ANC's mandate. 528 00:34:45,438 --> 00:34:47,805 We have to maintain the higher moral ground. 529 00:34:47,907 --> 00:34:49,357 Calm down, Oliver. 530 00:34:51,027 --> 00:34:52,360 Sit down. 531 00:34:54,280 --> 00:34:56,614 You're working yourself to death. 532 00:34:56,699 --> 00:34:59,583 Every day it is something else. 533 00:34:59,669 --> 00:35:01,285 My mind is pulled and it goes 534 00:35:01,371 --> 00:35:02,953 in different directions. 535 00:35:09,011 --> 00:35:13,097 Do you think that leadership in exile is concerned 536 00:35:13,182 --> 00:35:15,266 about these private talks? 537 00:35:15,368 --> 00:35:17,017 That I am selling out? 538 00:35:17,136 --> 00:35:19,670 Oliver could never think that you would sell out. 539 00:35:19,772 --> 00:35:24,442 Hmm. We have not seen Oliver... 540 00:35:24,544 --> 00:35:27,728 in nearly a quarter century. 541 00:35:27,814 --> 00:35:30,614 I don't trust the Government with this prison move. 542 00:35:30,700 --> 00:35:34,068 They're trying to divide and weaken us. 543 00:35:34,153 --> 00:35:36,854 Yes. Of course, you are right. 544 00:35:36,956 --> 00:35:40,324 But I do believe that the time has finally come. 545 00:35:41,577 --> 00:35:44,078 They have finally accepted that they have to talk to us. 546 00:35:44,163 --> 00:35:47,415 It's not the perfect situation, but how can I walk away 547 00:35:47,500 --> 00:35:50,334 from such an opportunity? 548 00:35:52,588 --> 00:35:54,638 I won't stand in your way. 549 00:35:54,724 --> 00:35:57,675 I trust that you know what you are doing. 550 00:35:59,512 --> 00:36:02,680 Actually, I am more concerned about... 551 00:36:02,765 --> 00:36:07,435 how to handle the delicacy of my... domestic situation. 552 00:36:08,654 --> 00:36:11,489 I have heard too many things. 553 00:36:11,574 --> 00:36:13,574 Second hand, of course, from [unintelligible]. 554 00:36:13,676 --> 00:36:16,761 So have I. Word is travelling. 555 00:36:29,125 --> 00:36:31,408 There's rumors about her. 556 00:36:31,511 --> 00:36:34,211 The necklacing, 557 00:36:34,297 --> 00:36:37,131 kidnappings of so-called traitors, 558 00:36:37,233 --> 00:36:39,967 the gangs of thugs that she commands. 559 00:36:41,337 --> 00:36:42,536 What else have you heard? 560 00:36:42,638 --> 00:36:43,971 Nothing for sure. 561 00:36:45,658 --> 00:36:48,442 And I pray that they are only rumors. 562 00:36:49,929 --> 00:36:51,662 She is my wife, Walter. 563 00:36:51,764 --> 00:36:54,782 My wife. A political person. 564 00:36:54,901 --> 00:36:56,717 A good person. There will always be 565 00:36:56,819 --> 00:36:59,403 those forces that want to tarnish her. 566 00:37:02,291 --> 00:37:05,075 Already they have done so much to try and destroy her. 567 00:37:08,264 --> 00:37:11,499 Nelson. For your own peace of mind, 568 00:37:11,601 --> 00:37:13,567 we must get word to the ANC 569 00:37:13,669 --> 00:37:16,320 to find out the truth about this. 570 00:37:16,422 --> 00:37:21,425 I have had a certain amount of peace and protection here. 571 00:37:24,363 --> 00:37:26,347 She has had none of that. 572 00:37:43,527 --> 00:37:45,560 No further military action. 573 00:37:45,646 --> 00:37:47,445 I am not prepared to lead white South Africans 574 00:37:47,531 --> 00:37:49,814 on the road to abdication and suicide. 575 00:37:49,900 --> 00:37:51,283 I agree. There's no answer 576 00:37:51,368 --> 00:37:52,617 in trying to fight it out. 577 00:37:52,703 --> 00:37:54,986 I am committed to peaceful negotiation. 578 00:37:56,990 --> 00:37:59,491 Sir, we will press ahead with more apartheid reforms, then. 579 00:37:59,576 --> 00:38:01,209 In their direction. 580 00:38:01,328 --> 00:38:04,162 We have crossed the Rubicon, there can be no turning back. 581 00:38:04,248 --> 00:38:05,380 And what about Mandela? 582 00:38:05,499 --> 00:38:07,332 If he gives a commitment to non-violence, 583 00:38:07,434 --> 00:38:08,800 I will release him. 584 00:38:08,902 --> 00:38:10,819 He has already rejected that offer, Sir. 585 00:38:10,921 --> 00:38:13,588 Then he must reconsider. We will wear him down. 586 00:38:15,025 --> 00:38:17,158 Move him to even more comfortable surroundings. 587 00:38:17,261 --> 00:38:20,345 Give him more and more of a taste of freedom. 588 00:38:20,430 --> 00:38:23,181 Get him to understand there is no way 589 00:38:23,267 --> 00:38:26,050 I will unban the ANC. 590 00:38:26,153 --> 00:38:28,019 Ball is in his court. 591 00:39:03,307 --> 00:39:04,939 Well, I'm glad they let me take you today. 592 00:39:05,058 --> 00:39:06,474 Tomorrow is the public holiday. 593 00:39:06,560 --> 00:39:08,560 Oh, yes. The Day of the Covenant, 594 00:39:08,645 --> 00:39:11,363 your day of thanksgiving to God. 595 00:39:11,448 --> 00:39:15,250 Twenty-seven years ago we began the armed struggle. 596 00:39:15,352 --> 00:39:17,769 Twenty-seven years. 597 00:39:17,871 --> 00:39:19,270 Well, Nelson, let me take your boxes out the back 598 00:39:19,356 --> 00:39:21,539 and then it's... it's goodbye from me. 599 00:39:21,625 --> 00:39:22,891 I've got to get back to Pollsmoor. 600 00:39:22,993 --> 00:39:25,076 You know Warden Brand, you always behaved 601 00:39:25,162 --> 00:39:28,096 correctly toward me. 602 00:39:28,215 --> 00:39:31,616 It is wardens like you, men like you, 603 00:39:31,702 --> 00:39:34,953 that have validated my belief in humanity 604 00:39:35,055 --> 00:39:38,673 all these years behind bars. 605 00:39:38,759 --> 00:39:41,259 Thank you. 606 00:39:42,729 --> 00:39:44,262 Let me get those boxes. 607 00:39:49,436 --> 00:39:51,469 I want to work with the congress to advance 608 00:39:51,571 --> 00:39:53,321 America's policy towards South Africa. 609 00:39:53,440 --> 00:39:54,939 Leading democrats who introduced 610 00:39:55,025 --> 00:39:58,309 amendments calling for total disinvestment in South Africa. 611 00:39:58,412 --> 00:40:00,829 Exxon joins Coca-Cola, Kodak, Revlon, 612 00:40:00,947 --> 00:40:04,699 and others to become the 87th company to leave in two years. 613 00:40:04,785 --> 00:40:07,168 And as we decided we could not do business with Hitler, 614 00:40:07,287 --> 00:40:10,922 we must now decide that we cannot do business with South Africa. 615 00:40:11,007 --> 00:40:13,324 We can't afford to keep our economy afloat. 616 00:40:13,427 --> 00:40:14,893 We are near bankrupt. 617 00:40:14,995 --> 00:40:16,594 Mr. de Klerk, our air strikes against the neighboring states 618 00:40:16,680 --> 00:40:17,929 have further increased our debt. 619 00:40:18,014 --> 00:40:20,998 In the interest of eliminating unsolicited interference 620 00:40:21,084 --> 00:40:23,051 in South African affairs... yeah, yeah. 621 00:40:23,136 --> 00:40:26,838 Now Chase Manhattan is refusing to rollover our debt. 622 00:40:26,940 --> 00:40:28,723 This morning I tried reaching out to the President 623 00:40:28,809 --> 00:40:32,727 of the Federal Reserve... but the rand is falling. 624 00:40:32,813 --> 00:40:35,130 Our inputs are being curbed. 625 00:40:35,232 --> 00:40:38,182 Even the committee appointed by Botha has no viable 626 00:40:38,285 --> 00:40:40,168 solutions to offer. 627 00:40:43,490 --> 00:40:46,241 I will assemble as many of the ministers as possible 628 00:40:46,359 --> 00:40:49,861 for an emergency session at my house in Pretoria. 629 00:40:49,963 --> 00:40:53,865 We have to present a united front when we approach him. 630 00:40:53,967 --> 00:40:59,504 If we do not compromise now, Buck, disaster is inevitable. 631 00:40:59,606 --> 00:41:04,259 Are you now beginning to quote the words of Nelson Mandela? 632 00:41:14,571 --> 00:41:16,020 Thank you. 633 00:41:20,060 --> 00:41:22,911 It pains me to ask you this, 634 00:41:23,029 --> 00:41:26,364 but are any of the things that you are accused of true? 635 00:41:30,203 --> 00:41:32,670 It is propaganda. 636 00:41:32,756 --> 00:41:34,172 You should know better than anyone 637 00:41:34,257 --> 00:41:36,691 not to believe everything you read in the paper. 638 00:41:36,793 --> 00:41:39,594 That is not what I asked you. 639 00:41:39,696 --> 00:41:42,079 You must disband the football club. 640 00:41:42,182 --> 00:41:45,049 The football club looks after me. 641 00:41:45,135 --> 00:41:47,135 - They keep me safe. - They must go. 642 00:41:49,689 --> 00:41:52,557 But, darling, there is a Walter Sisulu football club. 643 00:41:52,642 --> 00:41:54,559 Why can't we have a Mandela United football club? 644 00:41:54,644 --> 00:41:58,062 The Walter Sisulu football club does not have members 645 00:41:58,148 --> 00:42:00,448 who are terrorizing the community, 646 00:42:00,550 --> 00:42:02,750 who are behaving like thugs. 647 00:42:02,853 --> 00:42:06,337 The Mandela United football club has members 648 00:42:06,439 --> 00:42:07,822 who are accused of murder. 649 00:42:07,908 --> 00:42:09,240 That is nonsense. 650 00:42:14,664 --> 00:42:16,280 I will let the boys go if they want to. 651 00:42:16,383 --> 00:42:19,667 Get rid of them. I have spoken on it now. 652 00:42:19,786 --> 00:42:22,921 I do not want to hear any more about any of these things. 653 00:42:27,093 --> 00:42:30,512 It is quiet in this garden of yours. 654 00:42:30,597 --> 00:42:33,097 But out there, there is war. 655 00:42:33,183 --> 00:42:34,983 Then behave like a soldier. 656 00:42:35,085 --> 00:42:39,604 You must be disciplined and learn to follow your leaders. 657 00:42:43,994 --> 00:42:48,112 You forget, I'm a leader too now. 658 00:42:57,974 --> 00:43:00,441 You have the arrogance to come and tell me, 659 00:43:00,544 --> 00:43:04,128 after 53 years of service to the National Party, 660 00:43:04,214 --> 00:43:07,215 pack your bags and go and sit in the wilderness? 661 00:43:07,300 --> 00:43:10,335 What you fail to grasp is that economics and politics 662 00:43:10,336 --> 00:43:11,836 cannot be separated. 663 00:43:11,938 --> 00:43:13,755 How long do you expect this to carry on? 664 00:43:13,857 --> 00:43:15,790 Two, three years? 665 00:43:15,892 --> 00:43:18,192 We are being strangled by these sanctions 666 00:43:18,295 --> 00:43:20,245 and if the strikes on the violence continues, 667 00:43:20,347 --> 00:43:22,647 there will be a full scale bloody revolution. 668 00:43:25,335 --> 00:43:27,619 The cabinet is unanimous on this. 669 00:43:27,704 --> 00:43:29,370 We want you to retire willingly. 670 00:43:29,489 --> 00:43:33,124 Don't be mistaken. It is only our might 671 00:43:33,209 --> 00:43:34,976 that keeps the lid on this pressure cooker 672 00:43:35,078 --> 00:43:37,078 that is South Africa. 673 00:43:37,163 --> 00:43:40,832 Take off the lid and you will have Armageddon. 674 00:43:40,917 --> 00:43:42,634 The problem is most of the party believes 675 00:43:42,719 --> 00:43:45,136 we're dealing with Armageddon now. 676 00:43:45,221 --> 00:43:48,056 If we do change course, the blood will flow 677 00:43:48,174 --> 00:43:50,308 ankle deep in our streets. 678 00:43:50,410 --> 00:43:53,094 Four, five million people will lie dead and the situation 679 00:43:53,179 --> 00:43:56,931 will remain exactly the same as it always was. 680 00:43:57,017 --> 00:44:00,318 We need to address the problem now 681 00:44:00,403 --> 00:44:02,670 before we have an all-out race war. 682 00:44:05,942 --> 00:44:09,527 I feel sorry for all of you. 683 00:44:12,415 --> 00:44:16,200 You will not be able to control the forces you unleash. 684 00:44:24,177 --> 00:44:26,177 Breaking news, P.W. Botha 685 00:44:26,262 --> 00:44:28,296 has stepped down from office. 686 00:44:28,381 --> 00:44:30,465 The National Party [unintelligible] has chosen 687 00:44:30,583 --> 00:44:31,849 Education Minister... 688 00:44:31,935 --> 00:44:35,136 Can you believe it? Botha is gone. 689 00:44:39,359 --> 00:44:40,975 What is it? 690 00:44:43,863 --> 00:44:45,730 Oliver has had a stroke. 691 00:44:48,852 --> 00:44:53,938 They have rushed him to Europe for treatment but... it's bad. 692 00:44:55,191 --> 00:44:58,159 It seems he is paralyzed down the whole right hand side 693 00:44:58,244 --> 00:45:02,246 of his body. And it seems he... cannot speak. 694 00:45:15,428 --> 00:45:17,345 Oliver. 695 00:45:22,124 --> 00:45:23,306 The wall was crumbling. 696 00:45:23,408 --> 00:45:25,125 The sledgehammers in the hands of men 697 00:45:25,210 --> 00:45:27,210 not born when it went up. 698 00:45:27,296 --> 00:45:30,130 Then, just before 10 o'clock, the moment Berliners 699 00:45:30,215 --> 00:45:32,499 had waited 28 years for. 700 00:45:38,440 --> 00:45:39,523 The symbol of the communist 701 00:45:39,641 --> 00:45:41,925 iron curtain has fallen. 702 00:45:42,027 --> 00:45:45,529 We are witnessing a lifetime moment in history. 703 00:45:45,631 --> 00:45:47,564 The cold war is over. 704 00:45:48,901 --> 00:45:50,901 This symbolic breach in the structure 705 00:45:51,003 --> 00:45:53,653 that separated millions and claimed 706 00:45:53,755 --> 00:45:55,455 hundreds of lives. 707 00:45:55,557 --> 00:45:58,742 West German riot police stop the crowds surging 708 00:45:58,827 --> 00:46:00,410 into communist soil. 709 00:46:00,496 --> 00:46:04,331 But, by then, they'd made their point. 710 00:46:04,416 --> 00:46:07,083 Dear President de Klerk, 711 00:46:07,169 --> 00:46:10,036 in this time of great change around the world, 712 00:46:10,122 --> 00:46:12,923 it is my sincere wish that you and I 713 00:46:13,008 --> 00:46:16,009 may open a new dialogue concerning the future 714 00:46:16,094 --> 00:46:17,694 of South Africa. 715 00:46:20,065 --> 00:46:21,932 You must give up this idea 716 00:46:22,034 --> 00:46:25,418 of group's rights and separate homelands. 717 00:46:25,521 --> 00:46:28,688 It makes it look like you are trying to reform apartheid, 718 00:46:28,774 --> 00:46:32,325 to make it acceptable instead of abandoning it all together. 719 00:46:32,411 --> 00:46:34,995 But we have to deal with white fears of black domination. 720 00:46:35,080 --> 00:46:37,230 Then we have to change their thinking. 721 00:46:37,332 --> 00:46:39,199 The idea of different groups of people 722 00:46:39,284 --> 00:46:42,285 that is the cornerstone of apartheid. 723 00:46:42,371 --> 00:46:44,955 We want everyone in this country to think of themselves 724 00:46:45,040 --> 00:46:47,374 and everyone around them as South Africans. 725 00:46:47,459 --> 00:46:50,627 Not as part of such and such a group. 726 00:46:50,712 --> 00:46:53,013 I'm a pragmatist, Mr. Mandela. 727 00:46:53,098 --> 00:46:55,465 We have to move towards a workable solution. 728 00:46:55,551 --> 00:46:59,052 For too long, you and the ANC have been seen as the problem, 729 00:46:59,137 --> 00:47:01,721 instead of part of the solution to the problem. 730 00:47:01,807 --> 00:47:03,690 President de Klerk, I believe that you are a man 731 00:47:03,775 --> 00:47:05,141 we can do business with. 732 00:47:05,227 --> 00:47:08,945 But it is pointless to continue to talk about releasing me. 733 00:47:09,047 --> 00:47:13,600 If the ANC's conditions are not met, they have not changed. 734 00:47:13,702 --> 00:47:17,704 Release political prisoners, unban our organizations, 735 00:47:17,789 --> 00:47:19,406 allow the exiles to return home 736 00:47:19,491 --> 00:47:21,491 and lift this state of emergency. 737 00:47:46,485 --> 00:47:50,303 ? Bring back Nelson Mandela ? 738 00:47:50,405 --> 00:47:54,641 ? Bring him back home to Soweto ? 739 00:47:54,743 --> 00:47:58,144 ? I want to see him walking down the streets ? 740 00:47:58,246 --> 00:48:00,697 ? Of South Africa ? 741 00:48:00,782 --> 00:48:03,416 ? Hey! ? ? Bring back home ? 742 00:48:03,502 --> 00:48:07,120 ? Bring back Nelson Mandela ? 743 00:48:07,205 --> 00:48:10,323 ? Bring him back home to Soweto ? 744 00:48:10,425 --> 00:48:11,875 Today, after nearly 745 00:48:11,960 --> 00:48:16,713 three decades in prison, Nelson Mandela is a free man. 746 00:48:17,799 --> 00:48:21,351 Winnie Mandela at his side, they walk together 747 00:48:21,470 --> 00:48:24,170 into a new future for South Africa. 748 00:48:37,786 --> 00:48:41,388 Sent to Robin Island at the age of 46, 749 00:48:41,490 --> 00:48:45,191 now leaving Victor Verster Prison at 72. 750 00:48:45,293 --> 00:48:47,127 He has never wavered in his commitment 751 00:48:47,212 --> 00:48:49,862 to his people, to justice. 752 00:48:49,965 --> 00:48:51,865 No matter the cost. 753 00:49:11,186 --> 00:49:15,655 ? Bring back Nelson Mandela ? 754 00:49:15,741 --> 00:49:18,108 After so many years in Soweto, 755 00:49:18,193 --> 00:49:21,227 the ANC and its supporters around the world 756 00:49:21,329 --> 00:49:24,030 must be savoring this day of victory. 757 00:49:24,116 --> 00:49:29,202 Vindication for their efforts and a new era for their country. 758 00:49:29,304 --> 00:49:31,237 ? Bring back Nelson Mandela ? 759 00:49:31,339 --> 00:49:34,791 ? Bring him back home to Soweto ? 760 00:49:35,927 --> 00:49:39,713 ? I want to see him walking down the streets ? 761 00:49:49,808 --> 00:49:51,224 And the [unintelligible] starts 762 00:49:51,309 --> 00:49:53,977 moving past the jubilant crowds and the many members... 763 00:49:54,062 --> 00:49:55,361 Who would ever have believed it? 764 00:49:55,447 --> 00:49:58,982 One day Nelson Mandela would be a free man, 765 00:49:59,067 --> 00:50:02,435 that we were the ones who freed him. 766 00:50:02,537 --> 00:50:05,371 Just because Mandela is free, 767 00:50:05,457 --> 00:50:08,875 doesn't mean he or the ANC is going to lead the country. 768 00:50:11,963 --> 00:50:14,214 Mr. President, Chief Buthelezi. 769 00:50:14,299 --> 00:50:18,418 Ah, come in. Chief Buthelezi, my good friend. 770 00:50:19,755 --> 00:50:21,421 Good to see you. 771 00:50:24,342 --> 00:50:26,509 We have a lot to talk about. 772 00:50:26,628 --> 00:50:28,228 After his release, 773 00:50:28,313 --> 00:50:30,346 Mandela was driven to a massive rally 774 00:50:30,432 --> 00:50:32,732 at Cape Town city hall, where more than 775 00:50:32,818 --> 00:50:37,403 100,000 supporters gathered to hear him speak. 776 00:50:37,489 --> 00:50:40,440 He delivered an impassioned speech declaring 777 00:50:40,525 --> 00:50:43,860 a commitment to seek peace and reconciliation 778 00:50:43,945 --> 00:50:47,997 and the birth of a democratic and free South Africa. 779 00:50:57,209 --> 00:51:00,176 Desmond. 780 00:51:00,295 --> 00:51:02,045 Magnificent speech. 781 00:51:02,130 --> 00:51:04,047 Oh, thank you. I had to borrow 782 00:51:04,132 --> 00:51:05,765 my wife's glasses just to read it. 783 00:51:05,851 --> 00:51:08,351 One would never know. 784 00:51:08,470 --> 00:51:11,020 The whole world is stunned at how good you look. 785 00:51:11,139 --> 00:51:12,722 And so am I. 786 00:51:14,142 --> 00:51:15,608 I have to stop pinching myself. 787 00:51:15,694 --> 00:51:18,528 - Are we dreaming? - No, no. This is real. 788 00:51:18,647 --> 00:51:22,014 Heh. You are most welcome to stay at my residence tonight, 789 00:51:22,100 --> 00:51:22,949 - my dear friend. - Thank you. 790 00:51:23,034 --> 00:51:26,152 But I would like to sleep in my own bed tonight in Soweto. 791 00:51:26,238 --> 00:51:28,371 But give me the honor of hosting, eh? 792 00:51:28,490 --> 00:51:32,575 It is late in the day and we must think about security. 793 00:51:32,661 --> 00:51:34,244 A phone call for Madiba. 794 00:51:34,329 --> 00:51:36,329 Oh, phone call for you. It's Oliver. 795 00:51:36,414 --> 00:51:38,665 Yes. I will be back. 796 00:51:45,724 --> 00:51:49,092 Hello, Oliver, are you there? 797 00:51:49,194 --> 00:51:51,294 Madiba. 798 00:51:51,396 --> 00:51:52,929 Don't try to speak. 799 00:51:53,031 --> 00:51:57,300 I can hear you breathing. I know you are there. 800 00:51:57,402 --> 00:52:00,003 I heard your... 801 00:52:00,105 --> 00:52:04,974 salute to me in your speech. 802 00:52:05,076 --> 00:52:09,662 Yes. Thank you for leading the ANC 803 00:52:09,764 --> 00:52:13,566 during the most difficult circumstances. 804 00:52:13,668 --> 00:52:18,438 And now you have to fight for yourself, eh? 805 00:52:18,540 --> 00:52:20,640 For your health. 806 00:52:26,848 --> 00:52:30,683 It is so good to hear you, my old friend. 807 00:52:42,640 --> 00:52:44,273 - How does freedom feel? - Oh, wonderful. Wonderful. 808 00:52:44,391 --> 00:52:45,974 We're proud of you, Mr. Mandela. 809 00:52:46,060 --> 00:52:47,643 - Excuse me. Excuse me. - Thank you. 810 00:52:47,728 --> 00:52:50,229 - Good day. Good day. - Excuse me. 811 00:52:50,314 --> 00:52:51,897 Thank you. 812 00:52:55,069 --> 00:52:56,568 Where is Winnie? 813 00:52:57,571 --> 00:52:59,238 She is there. 814 00:52:59,323 --> 00:53:00,973 Ah, I see. 815 00:53:04,628 --> 00:53:06,495 Are you having a good time? 816 00:53:08,516 --> 00:53:10,632 Yes, Tata. 817 00:53:10,751 --> 00:53:13,635 Bishop Tutu is insisting that we stay here tonight. 818 00:53:15,923 --> 00:53:19,641 Why not? It is very comfortable for you here. 819 00:53:19,760 --> 00:53:24,313 And I would like to have more private time for us. 820 00:53:26,350 --> 00:53:28,517 There is plenty time for that. 821 00:53:30,571 --> 00:53:32,154 - Excuse me, Madiba. - Hmm? 822 00:53:32,273 --> 00:53:33,655 There is someone I would like you to meet. 823 00:53:33,774 --> 00:53:35,274 Oh, all right. 824 00:54:27,244 --> 00:54:29,294 Jubilation as Nelson Mandela 825 00:54:29,380 --> 00:54:30,913 returned to his home in Soweto 826 00:54:30,998 --> 00:54:34,082 for the first time in 27 years. 827 00:54:34,168 --> 00:54:36,335 The day has passed by huge parades 828 00:54:36,420 --> 00:54:39,755 and dancing in the streets as thousands of Sowetans 829 00:54:39,840 --> 00:54:42,758 welcomed him back to the township. 830 00:54:42,843 --> 00:54:45,710 The release of Nelson Mandela has been greeted with joy 831 00:54:45,813 --> 00:54:47,763 through most of South Africa. 832 00:54:50,017 --> 00:54:51,316 Heightened political tension 833 00:54:51,402 --> 00:54:54,603 surrounding Mandela's release have triggered renewed fighting 834 00:54:54,688 --> 00:54:57,005 in several townships in this region. 835 00:54:57,107 --> 00:54:58,774 Violence has also increased between 836 00:54:58,876 --> 00:55:01,860 the mainly Zulu Inkatha Freedom Party 837 00:55:01,946 --> 00:55:03,779 and Nelson Mandela's now unbanned, 838 00:55:03,864 --> 00:55:05,914 African National Congress. 839 00:55:06,033 --> 00:55:08,617 Efforts of reconciliation between Mr. Mandela 840 00:55:08,702 --> 00:55:11,870 and Chief Buthelezi have so far failed. 841 00:55:11,956 --> 00:55:14,423 These have been two of the bloodiest months 842 00:55:14,541 --> 00:55:15,707 in the history... 843 00:55:21,599 --> 00:55:22,864 Please forgive me, Mr. President, 844 00:55:22,967 --> 00:55:24,900 if I begin by stating the obvious. 845 00:55:25,002 --> 00:55:27,619 It seems clear to me that our first task must be 846 00:55:27,721 --> 00:55:29,688 to address the climate of violence 847 00:55:29,773 --> 00:55:32,774 and intimidation... whatever the source may be, 848 00:55:32,893 --> 00:55:37,346 that must be a precondition for any negotiation. 849 00:55:37,448 --> 00:55:38,730 Agreed. 850 00:55:38,832 --> 00:55:41,066 The ANC and the National Party must both be able 851 00:55:41,151 --> 00:55:42,985 to state truthfully and sincerely 852 00:55:43,070 --> 00:55:46,305 that negotiations are being conducted in good faith. 853 00:55:46,407 --> 00:55:51,827 Mr. Mandela, what other basis can negotiations be conducted? 854 00:56:06,260 --> 00:56:09,394 I must meet face to face with Buthelezi. 855 00:56:09,480 --> 00:56:11,013 It is the only solution. 856 00:56:11,098 --> 00:56:12,681 I don't think that will go down well. 857 00:56:14,985 --> 00:56:18,570 - Hello, darling. Walter. - Winnie. 858 00:56:18,656 --> 00:56:22,324 Darling, will you make some more tea for our guest, please? 859 00:56:22,443 --> 00:56:24,109 Yes, Tata. 860 00:56:24,194 --> 00:56:26,695 I will not defy the ANC on this. 861 00:56:26,780 --> 00:56:29,831 If I do so, I will look arrogant. 862 00:56:29,950 --> 00:56:32,200 I will respect the collective leadership. 863 00:56:32,302 --> 00:56:37,039 But, if I could just sit down with Buthelezi, face to face, 864 00:56:37,124 --> 00:56:39,257 perhaps we could resolve some of... 865 00:56:39,343 --> 00:56:41,710 Buthelezi is a political prostitute. 866 00:56:44,965 --> 00:56:47,799 The government knows that if they keep stoking this war 867 00:56:47,901 --> 00:56:49,718 between Inkatha and the ANC, 868 00:56:49,820 --> 00:56:52,120 they'll be able to prolong their stay in power. 869 00:56:52,222 --> 00:56:53,972 I have no reason to believe that de Klerk 870 00:56:54,058 --> 00:56:56,274 is anything but a man of integrity. 871 00:56:56,377 --> 00:56:58,777 I do not believe he wants to see this country 872 00:56:58,862 --> 00:57:00,278 burnt to the ground. 873 00:57:00,364 --> 00:57:04,149 Our people need power. They need arms. 874 00:57:04,234 --> 00:57:06,851 This repression and the violence it creates 875 00:57:06,954 --> 00:57:10,122 cannot be ended if we attack each other. 876 00:57:10,207 --> 00:57:12,824 It is very well to think intellectually. 877 00:57:12,910 --> 00:57:15,827 But if you've seen young children die in front of you 878 00:57:15,913 --> 00:57:17,579 and you've been tortured and abused, 879 00:57:17,664 --> 00:57:19,664 then you will know that if you wake up in the middle 880 00:57:19,750 --> 00:57:20,999 of the night because of the screaming, 881 00:57:21,085 --> 00:57:22,250 you have a gun to reach for. 882 00:57:22,369 --> 00:57:24,252 So you meet brutality with brutality? 883 00:57:24,371 --> 00:57:27,489 There is only brutality out there. 884 00:57:30,244 --> 00:57:33,345 Don't worry about the tea, Winnie. 885 00:57:33,430 --> 00:57:34,763 I must be getting back. 886 00:57:34,848 --> 00:57:39,434 Don't get up. I will let myself out. 887 00:57:43,991 --> 00:57:45,357 Bye, Walter. 888 00:57:51,865 --> 00:57:56,001 When you finally go out there and you meet with the people, 889 00:57:56,103 --> 00:57:57,586 you will feel their anger. 890 00:57:59,006 --> 00:58:02,824 I know what my own anger feels like, 891 00:58:02,926 --> 00:58:05,243 and I refuse to accept 892 00:58:05,329 --> 00:58:09,514 that our long sacrifice has turned our hearts to stone. 893 00:58:09,616 --> 00:58:11,600 I have learned to remove anger... 894 00:58:13,220 --> 00:58:16,104 and bitterness from my heart 895 00:58:16,223 --> 00:58:20,976 because I know that great anger and violence 896 00:58:21,078 --> 00:58:26,615 never built anything. Least of all a nation. 897 00:58:40,841 --> 00:58:42,557 If you and Joe, with your credentials as leaders 898 00:58:42,659 --> 00:58:44,909 of the armed struggle, tried to sell this idea 899 00:58:45,012 --> 00:58:47,245 to the people, they will listen. 900 00:58:47,347 --> 00:58:49,664 But abandon the armed struggle now? 901 00:58:49,750 --> 00:58:53,618 Suspend it. We do not give up our arms. 902 00:58:53,720 --> 00:58:56,388 It will put the onus back on them and it will be 903 00:58:56,473 --> 00:58:58,306 what they least expect from us. 904 00:58:58,425 --> 00:59:01,393 I hear this, Nelson. But the Government is behind 905 00:59:01,478 --> 00:59:04,062 the Third Force that's creating violence in our township. 906 00:59:04,147 --> 00:59:05,180 I'm sure of it. 907 00:59:05,282 --> 00:59:07,248 Yes. But we don't know for sure. 908 00:59:07,351 --> 00:59:10,385 Call their bluff. We suspend the armed struggle. 909 00:59:10,487 --> 00:59:13,488 We show them our peaceful intentions. 910 00:59:13,590 --> 00:59:15,640 It will be a bold and decisive move. 911 00:59:15,742 --> 00:59:19,110 But we must have the courage to take it. 912 00:59:22,616 --> 00:59:24,032 Once again, a political march 913 00:59:24,117 --> 00:59:27,002 through a South African city has turned to violence 914 00:59:27,120 --> 00:59:30,538 as tension builds in this country by the day. 915 00:59:30,624 --> 00:59:31,956 Smoke cleared to reveal 916 00:59:32,042 --> 00:59:34,826 the casualties of the city center battle. 917 00:59:34,928 --> 00:59:38,129 The bloody streets of a country whose transition to democracy 918 00:59:38,215 --> 00:59:40,515 is becoming increasingly murderous. 919 00:59:40,634 --> 00:59:42,801 I had nothing to do with the training of Inkatha 920 00:59:42,886 --> 00:59:44,669 or the money that went to them. 921 00:59:44,771 --> 00:59:46,321 I've got no idea where this is coming from. 922 00:59:46,440 --> 00:59:50,675 Are you telling me that you know nothing of a Third Force? 923 00:59:50,777 --> 00:59:55,012 This is just as much a mystery to me as it is to you. 924 00:59:55,115 --> 00:59:57,348 I've been told this is a tribal thing. 925 00:59:57,451 --> 00:59:59,868 That is nonsense and you know it. 926 00:59:59,986 --> 01:00:02,620 I am beginning to doubt your peaceful intentions, 927 01:00:02,723 --> 01:00:04,489 President de Klerk. 928 01:00:04,574 --> 01:00:06,875 Mr. Mandela, 929 01:00:06,993 --> 01:00:10,712 I only want a peaceful solution for South Africa. 930 01:00:10,814 --> 01:00:15,650 There is no Third Force operating under my orders. 931 01:00:15,752 --> 01:00:17,836 I cannot control this violence. 932 01:00:19,890 --> 01:00:21,973 If the people who are dying out there were white, 933 01:00:22,059 --> 01:00:23,892 would you still tell me that? 934 01:00:26,813 --> 01:00:29,381 Black lives are cheap. 935 01:00:29,483 --> 01:00:31,383 I do not think that. 936 01:00:32,919 --> 01:00:35,420 President de Klerk, I have called you a man of integrity 937 01:00:35,522 --> 01:00:37,972 as we try to move forward. 938 01:00:38,075 --> 01:00:40,275 I so want to believe that you are. 939 01:01:01,848 --> 01:01:04,149 Are you taking another trip? 940 01:01:06,720 --> 01:01:08,770 How long are you going for, this time? 941 01:01:23,370 --> 01:01:24,786 You are leaving me? 942 01:01:29,910 --> 01:01:32,961 I can no longer reconcile myself with your behavior. 943 01:01:33,079 --> 01:01:36,548 So you talk to all those Afrikaners who tortured me, 944 01:01:36,633 --> 01:01:40,301 who destroyed our family life and butchered our people. 945 01:01:40,420 --> 01:01:43,972 But me... 946 01:01:44,090 --> 01:01:46,141 Am I not good enough to talk to? 947 01:01:47,727 --> 01:01:49,561 Am I not worth your forgiveness? 948 01:01:49,646 --> 01:01:53,848 - It's not the same thing. - How is it not the same thing? 949 01:02:04,945 --> 01:02:09,164 I have been home for weeks. Weeks. 950 01:02:09,282 --> 01:02:14,619 Not once have you come to our bed unless you thought 951 01:02:14,704 --> 01:02:16,955 that I was asleep. 952 01:02:17,040 --> 01:02:20,341 You've been home [unintelligible]. 953 01:02:20,460 --> 01:02:21,743 You don't know me anymore. 954 01:02:21,845 --> 01:02:26,881 I will never regret building a life with you 955 01:02:26,967 --> 01:02:29,467 or all the love and affection I have felt for you. 956 01:02:31,872 --> 01:02:33,838 All of these years, 957 01:02:33,924 --> 01:02:36,474 from the moment I first met you, Nomzamo. 958 01:02:39,479 --> 01:02:42,981 Then stay with me. 959 01:02:43,083 --> 01:02:45,683 It will be like it was before. 960 01:02:45,785 --> 01:02:47,902 That way that it was before... 961 01:02:52,792 --> 01:02:54,492 that way is no more. 962 01:03:21,417 --> 01:03:25,252 Is it true that you are Comrade Oliver Tambo? 963 01:03:26,672 --> 01:03:31,425 Is it true that you are Nelson Mandela? 964 01:03:42,371 --> 01:03:46,307 Chris has just come from a tour of our military camps. 965 01:03:46,409 --> 01:03:50,744 He says that there is a serious lack of health facilities in Tanzania. 966 01:03:50,846 --> 01:03:52,363 He is a good commander, 967 01:03:52,448 --> 01:03:54,081 but I know that he will resist 968 01:03:54,200 --> 01:03:58,552 this idea for us to pull back our military offensive. 969 01:03:58,654 --> 01:04:00,955 These are the qualities of a General. 970 01:04:01,040 --> 01:04:02,756 Our new generation is in good hands. 971 01:04:02,875 --> 01:04:05,592 Yes, but you must help him to understand, Oliver, 972 01:04:05,711 --> 01:04:09,863 that to suspend the violence now will help with our negotiations. 973 01:04:09,966 --> 01:04:14,885 Yes, this de Klerk, what do you make of him? 974 01:04:14,971 --> 01:04:17,104 He says he is committed to bringing forth 975 01:04:17,223 --> 01:04:19,273 a true democracy and an election. 976 01:04:19,392 --> 01:04:22,509 But, I am not sure that his intentions are clear. 977 01:04:22,611 --> 01:04:25,429 During my travels this month, it has become apparent 978 01:04:25,531 --> 01:04:28,699 that he is not happy with the international community 979 01:04:28,784 --> 01:04:30,868 wanting to support the ANC. 980 01:04:30,953 --> 01:04:33,537 So I will continue to work with him in the hope 981 01:04:33,622 --> 01:04:36,407 that he will keep his promise. 982 01:04:36,492 --> 01:04:39,760 - Mmm. - Look here. 983 01:04:39,862 --> 01:04:41,945 What do you think? Shall we have a snort? 984 01:04:42,048 --> 01:04:44,081 Or is it against doctor's orders? 985 01:04:44,183 --> 01:04:46,133 We will account this as one of our top secrets. 986 01:04:46,252 --> 01:04:48,002 - Yes, yes. - Do not Adelaide. 987 01:04:48,087 --> 01:04:50,787 Did someone say Adelaide? 988 01:04:53,259 --> 01:04:55,959 It's almost four o'clock, Oliver. 989 01:04:56,062 --> 01:04:58,929 We just sat down. 990 01:04:59,015 --> 01:05:02,066 You see? She is a dictator. 991 01:05:02,151 --> 01:05:03,633 And not the benevolent kind, either. 992 01:05:04,937 --> 01:05:07,354 You are lucky to have such a loving wife. 993 01:05:13,446 --> 01:05:18,449 I cannot remember the last time I had so much fun. 994 01:05:28,461 --> 01:05:29,843 Madiba. 995 01:05:34,984 --> 01:05:39,019 - Now is the time. - Now is the time. 996 01:05:39,138 --> 01:05:42,222 Now is the time. 997 01:05:42,308 --> 01:05:45,893 Nelson Mandela! 998 01:05:45,978 --> 01:05:49,613 Nelson Mandela! Nelson Mandela! 999 01:05:49,698 --> 01:05:53,317 Nelson Mandela! Nelson Mandela! 1000 01:06:02,161 --> 01:06:05,362 We want to unite our people. 1001 01:06:05,464 --> 01:06:09,166 Not just Indians, coloreds, Afrikaans. 1002 01:06:09,251 --> 01:06:14,371 We want to unite Afrikaans, coloreds, Indians and whites. 1003 01:06:14,473 --> 01:06:18,642 This is why we have been talking with the National Party. 1004 01:06:18,727 --> 01:06:21,512 We want this peace. 1005 01:06:21,597 --> 01:06:24,431 This spirit of reconciliation, 1006 01:06:24,517 --> 01:06:30,154 this spirit must not only unite the government and ourselves, 1007 01:06:30,239 --> 01:06:34,441 it must build and bring our people. 1008 01:06:34,527 --> 01:06:37,494 Those who have been working with the enemy, 1009 01:06:37,580 --> 01:06:42,366 they must now work with us to build this new South Africa. 1010 01:06:48,174 --> 01:06:53,260 I give you now our soldier for peace, Chris Hani. 1011 01:07:05,524 --> 01:07:07,724 Mandela for President! 1012 01:07:07,810 --> 01:07:09,393 Our President! 1013 01:07:09,478 --> 01:07:11,778 Mandela for President! 1014 01:07:11,897 --> 01:07:13,697 Our President! 1015 01:07:45,314 --> 01:07:46,713 - Here's to Nelson. - Nelson. 1016 01:07:46,815 --> 01:07:48,315 - Nelson. - Cheers. 1017 01:07:48,417 --> 01:07:51,802 Cheers. 1018 01:07:51,904 --> 01:07:53,353 So, well. What is to be done 1019 01:07:53,439 --> 01:07:55,722 with Buthelezi and his right-wingers? 1020 01:07:55,824 --> 01:07:58,192 It's clear they don't want these negotiations to work. 1021 01:07:58,277 --> 01:08:00,444 They don't want an election. 1022 01:08:00,529 --> 01:08:03,580 Well, we've suspended our military might in good faith. 1023 01:08:03,666 --> 01:08:08,902 I now believe that our only offense is... our message. 1024 01:08:09,004 --> 01:08:11,121 Their strategy is to divide. 1025 01:08:11,207 --> 01:08:13,123 - Ours must be to unite. - Mmhm. 1026 01:08:13,209 --> 01:08:14,758 And that's the message you must take to the people. 1027 01:08:14,843 --> 01:08:17,094 It was indeed Samora who said: 1028 01:08:17,179 --> 01:08:21,632 "For the nation to leave, the tribe must die." 1029 01:08:21,717 --> 01:08:24,017 So I have your support? 1030 01:08:24,136 --> 01:08:25,835 Yes, yes, of course. 1031 01:08:25,938 --> 01:08:29,723 We still have our might, Chris. Hmm? 1032 01:09:31,957 --> 01:09:33,657 The assassination of Chris Hani 1033 01:09:33,658 --> 01:09:36,693 has unleashed a profound sense of frustration and anger 1034 01:09:36,778 --> 01:09:39,996 amongst South African youth sparking widespread 1035 01:09:40,082 --> 01:09:42,582 protests and rioting. 1036 01:09:42,701 --> 01:09:45,952 The country now stands on the brink of civil war. 1037 01:09:51,593 --> 01:09:55,912 Tonight I am reaching out to every single South African, 1038 01:09:56,014 --> 01:09:59,015 black and white. 1039 01:09:59,117 --> 01:10:02,869 A white man full of prejudice and hate 1040 01:10:02,971 --> 01:10:07,640 committed a deed so foul that now our whole country 1041 01:10:07,726 --> 01:10:10,477 teeters on the brink of disaster. 1042 01:10:10,579 --> 01:10:14,581 The cold-blooded murder of Chris Hani has sent 1043 01:10:14,683 --> 01:10:19,268 shockwaves throughout our country and the world. 1044 01:10:19,371 --> 01:10:23,907 Our grief and our anger... 1045 01:10:24,009 --> 01:10:26,576 is tearing us apart. 1046 01:10:26,678 --> 01:10:31,598 Now is the time for all South Africans 1047 01:10:31,700 --> 01:10:33,633 to stand together 1048 01:10:33,735 --> 01:10:38,338 against those who wish to destroy what Chris Hani 1049 01:10:38,423 --> 01:10:43,176 gave his life for, the freedom of all of us. 1050 01:10:43,278 --> 01:10:47,730 Now is the time for our white compatriots 1051 01:10:47,833 --> 01:10:49,332 to reach out 1052 01:10:49,434 --> 01:10:53,153 with an understanding of the grievous loss 1053 01:10:53,271 --> 01:10:55,488 to our nation. 1054 01:10:55,607 --> 01:11:00,476 Now is the time for the police to act 1055 01:11:00,579 --> 01:11:05,582 with sensitivity and restraint. 1056 01:11:05,667 --> 01:11:10,136 This is a watershed moment 1057 01:11:10,255 --> 01:11:12,288 for all of us. 1058 01:11:22,534 --> 01:11:25,385 He was the young leader that we all prayed for. 1059 01:11:25,470 --> 01:11:27,971 He was like a son to me. 1060 01:11:28,056 --> 01:11:30,807 Me too. And our future. 1061 01:11:32,561 --> 01:11:35,178 You did well, Madiba. 1062 01:11:35,280 --> 01:11:39,149 The entire nation was calmed by your words. 1063 01:11:39,234 --> 01:11:42,035 We need a date for the election. 1064 01:11:42,154 --> 01:11:46,189 A real date set in stone. 1065 01:11:46,291 --> 01:11:49,042 There is still a chance. 1066 01:11:49,161 --> 01:11:52,962 We have to divert a crisis. 1067 01:11:53,048 --> 01:11:58,001 It could cripple our country for years to come. 1068 01:11:58,086 --> 01:12:00,720 We still have a chance. 1069 01:12:00,839 --> 01:12:04,090 We will have an election with or without those 1070 01:12:04,176 --> 01:12:07,043 who are against it. 1071 01:12:07,145 --> 01:12:10,230 We will frustrate the objective 1072 01:12:10,348 --> 01:12:13,549 of the people who killed Chris. 1073 01:12:13,652 --> 01:12:16,019 We will have an election. 1074 01:13:05,153 --> 01:13:07,053 Yes? Hello? 1075 01:13:15,463 --> 01:13:16,913 Where is he? 1076 01:14:08,483 --> 01:14:11,868 All those years ago in prison 1077 01:14:11,970 --> 01:14:16,222 I had a conversation with you in my head. 1078 01:14:19,728 --> 01:14:25,565 Then, I was lucky enough to talk to you again in person. 1079 01:14:36,611 --> 01:14:39,996 I suppose now I shall have to wait to see you again, 1080 01:14:41,333 --> 01:14:43,583 to talk to you on the other side. 1081 01:16:22,516 --> 01:16:26,068 You bought us our first decent suits, Walter. 1082 01:16:26,453 --> 01:16:30,155 You encouraged us to practice law together. 1083 01:16:30,257 --> 01:16:33,392 You groomed us to be leaders, Walter. 1084 01:16:33,494 --> 01:16:35,711 You were being groomed by the cause long before 1085 01:16:35,813 --> 01:16:38,580 I met you. I just... 1086 01:16:38,682 --> 01:16:41,049 recognized qualities in both of you. 1087 01:16:41,151 --> 01:16:44,786 I still see things in you that you don't see in yourself. 1088 01:16:48,092 --> 01:16:51,877 You have experienced great loss in your life, Nelson. 1089 01:16:51,979 --> 01:16:55,981 But you have a limitless capacity to love. 1090 01:16:56,083 --> 01:16:57,799 You must not think this is the end 1091 01:16:57,901 --> 01:16:59,418 of happiness for you. 1092 01:17:09,446 --> 01:17:11,113 Hello? 1093 01:17:11,198 --> 01:17:12,280 Yes? 1094 01:17:13,450 --> 01:17:14,649 Yes. 1095 01:17:14,752 --> 01:17:16,451 Set in stone. 1096 01:17:17,654 --> 01:17:19,121 Ha. 1097 01:17:20,040 --> 01:17:21,623 That is good. 1098 01:17:27,314 --> 01:17:33,185 We have an interim constitution and an election date. 1099 01:17:33,287 --> 01:17:37,305 27th April, 1994. 1100 01:17:42,980 --> 01:17:47,149 It's what the three of us always wanted. 1101 01:18:13,143 --> 01:18:15,677 Even my parents, who have passed away, 1102 01:18:15,762 --> 01:18:18,013 have been wishing to see this one day. 1103 01:18:18,098 --> 01:18:22,150 They couldn't. But today I have voted for them. 1104 01:18:22,236 --> 01:18:24,319 There are people who died for this. 1105 01:18:24,404 --> 01:18:27,272 Most people who fought for this, they are not here. 1106 01:18:27,357 --> 01:18:29,941 They couldn't take us to the promised land, 1107 01:18:30,027 --> 01:18:32,077 but now here we are. 1108 01:20:41,791 --> 01:20:44,976 Mr. Mandela? Mr. Mandela? 1109 01:20:49,466 --> 01:20:52,650 Are you ready to take the oath of office, Sir? 1110 01:21:07,067 --> 01:21:10,652 The truth is that we are not yet free. 1111 01:21:10,737 --> 01:21:14,405 We have merely achieved the freedom to be free, 1112 01:21:14,524 --> 01:21:17,742 the right not to be oppressed. 1113 01:21:17,827 --> 01:21:22,397 We have not yet taken that final step of our journey. 1114 01:21:22,499 --> 01:21:28,136 But the first step on a longer, more difficult road. 1115 01:21:28,221 --> 01:21:33,424 But to be free is not merely to cast off one's chains, 1116 01:21:33,510 --> 01:21:37,545 but to live in a way that respects and enhances 1117 01:21:37,647 --> 01:21:41,049 the freedom of others. 1118 01:21:41,151 --> 01:21:46,721 The true test of our devotion to freedom is just beginning. 1119 01:22:00,500 --> 01:22:05,500 - Synced and corrected by chamallow - - www.addic7ed.com -